CNS effects may persist after peripheral features have resolved.More severe cases may present with seizure and/or coma.Most often causes agitated delirium (often with hallucinations, incoherent speech, picking at the air or objects).
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Typical agents: chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, perphenazine, thioridazine, trifluoperazine.Muscle relaxants: (e.g., cyclobenzaprine, orphenadrine).Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, imipramine, nortriptyline, protriptyline, trimipramine).First-generation antihistamines (e.g., brompheniramine, carbinoxamine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine, cyproheptadine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, doxepin, doxylamine, hydroxyzine, meclizine, triprolidine).Numerous plants (e.g., various nightshade species including Atropa belladonna, Jimson weed).Īgents with mixed effects, including anticholinergic activity.Anticholinergic eye drops may rarely cause systemic toxicity (e.g., atropine, cyclopentolate).Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl (used for Parkinson's disease).Scopolamine (used as an antiemetic or antisialagogue).Dicyclomine, hyoscyamine (used for irritable bowel syndrome).Darifenacin, fesoterodine, flavoxate, oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine, trospium (used for bladder spasm).agents which function predominantly as anticholinergics Below are some of the most common and notable. There are hundreds of substances with anticholinergic activity.
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